EFFECT OF ONE CIGARETTE SMOKING ON GDV-GRAM OF HEALTHY PEOPLE AND PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE DISEASE OF LUNGS
E.A.Kudrashova, J.S.Savitskaya, R.A.Alexandrova, N.A.Philippova
St.Petersburg State Medical University n.a. I.P.Pavlov, Russia
The investigation was aimed to study GDV-gram‘s changes after smoking. The investigation was conducted with GDVCAMERA “Crown-TV” instrument, GDV-graphy of 10 hand fingers was carried out before, 5 minutes after and 30 minutes after smoking of one cigarette for 10 healthy people without clinic symptoms of lungs diseases, for 5 patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and for 5 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB). The tested group were people of 20-35 years old, who had not smoked for an hour or more before the test.
Smoking of one cigarette was accompanied by GDV-gram changes in all three tested groups. In 5 minutes after smoking the noise level increased for healthy people, i.e metabolism activation was caused by smoking. At the same time the noise level change for patients with ronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis was unreliable (uncertain). In 30 minutes after smoking a cigarette healthy people kept a high noise level, and it decreased severely for patients with bronchial asthma.
The changes of form coefficient and GDV-gram rea were rather interesting. In 5 minutes after smoking the area decrease was noted in the group of BA patients (11.2% rise from the initial value), but in the group of COB patients its true increase could be seen (11.5% rise). For the group of healthy people the changes were uncertain. GDV-gram form coefficient had analogical changes: in 5 minutes after smoking a cigarette the decrease of form coefficient could be noted for BA patients (-18.8%) with subsequent gradual 30 minute return to the state close to initial (-11.3% from the initial level), for COB patients the indicator increased sharply in 5 minutes after smoking (for 36.8%) and the high level stayed the same in 30 minutes.
Thus, smoking of a cigarette influences more on GDV-gram of COB patients than on GDV-gram of healthy people, COB patients were noted increase of form coefficient and GDV-gram area after smoking, but the majority of BA patients were noted the decrease of these indicators.
GDV-gram analysis of the smoking experience influence was conducted. Two groups of tested people were compared: having smoked 3-5 cigarettes a day for less than 5 years (12 people) and having smoked 10-15 cigarettes a day for more than 5 years (8 people). The results of the test showed that the initial indicators of hand fingers GDV-gram (area and noise level in particular) for long-smokers was lower than for those having smoked for less than 5 years.
In 5 minutes after smoking the GDV-gram area for people having smoked for more than 5 years increased on 19.1%. At the same time the area for short-smokers truly decreased on 11.3%. Noise level change for long-smokers was inessential, in the group of short-smokers noise level truly increased for 4 people (0.33), decreased for 4 people (0.33), other changes did not exceed 10% change from the initial value.In 30 minutes after smoking a cigarette the increase of GDV-gram area in the group of long-smokers stayed significantly high, the decrease lasted in the group of short-smokers. EFFECT OF ONE CIGARETTE SMOKING
Thus, the tests demonstrated that:
- Smoking of a cigarette causes more essential GDV-gram change than non-smoking.
- Smoking causes increase of such indicators as coefficient of form and area of GDV-gram for patients with chronic obstructive broncitus, while the same indicators decrease for patients with bronchial asthma. These differences in GDV-gram changes of BA and COB patients after smoking might be caused by metabolism specific features and variants of cells’ reaction on external influences, determined genetically.
- People having smoked for a long time have lower indicators’ values than those having smoked for less than 5 years.
- Smoking of one cigarette brings to increase of GDV-gram area for long-smokers, the indicators decrease for people having smoked for less then 5 years.
It is known that tobacco smoking brings to changes in structure as well as in functions of lungs, it plays essential part in bronchus inflammation pathogenesis. Smoking causes disballance of proteolytic and antiproteolytic functions of lungs, promotes development of parenchyma destruction, pneumofibrosis, hyperactivity of bronchus and respiratory paths obstruction. Hence, long smoking brings to essential changes in respiratory system as well as in the organism in general, and that might cause GDV-gram changes’ peculiarities.